There is little doubt that depression is bad for the heart. Much as fatty diets, cigarette smoking, inactivity and obesity are linked with an increased risk of heart disease, recent evidence suggests that mental health has a similarly powerful impact. The question has always been, why?
Now, researchers provide the first data that may explain the association. Published in the Journal of the American Medical Association
, the findings suggest that depression contributes to heart disease indirectly — by fostering unhealthy behaviors like smoking — rather than directly. Certain biological factors linked with depression, such as inflammation and the levels of brain chemicals like serotonin, may play some role in heart health, researchers say, but the new study found that the factors that most increased heart disease risk in depressed people were the ones you might expect: lack of exercise and smoking.
“We looked at all sorts of biological markers that could potentially play a role in linking depression and heart disease,” says Dr. Mary Whooley, an internist at the VA Medical Center in San Francisco, and lead author of the new study. “We measured all of those, and found that they did not explain the association. All we needed to do was to ask the patient how much they were exercising to be able to explain the link.”
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